The specific hybridization states of carbon atoms shape diamond and graphite

two well-known allotropes. Under specific conditions

diamond undergoes graphitization

resulting in distinct microstructural and macroscopic property changes. The graphitization of diamond has emerged as a core technology in many application-driven fields. This paper comprehensively reviewed studies on diamond graphitization across various domains to address urgent demands in these industries and the forthcoming semiconductor revolution. Beginning with the definition of diamond graphitization

the article explored its manifestations

thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms

and influencing factors. The research on diamond graphitization was divided into three stages

focusing on fields such as heating/heat treatment

diamond tools/coatings

irradiation/ion implantation

dissolution/chemical etching

polishing

and simulation/emulation. The key distinctions between graphitization

amorphization

and oxidation were clarified

and the effects of temperature

pressure

atmosphere

and processing parameters on graphitization were summarized. The article introduced the functional application technology from the perspective of utilizing or suppressing diamond graphitization

followed by prospects for future developments in the field of diamond graphitization research.