Design and optimization of diamond mid-infrared phase shifter

Chengke Chen; Zhi He; Ancha Xu; Xiao Li; Meiyan Jiang; Tao Xu; Bo Yan; Xiaojun Hu

doi:10.1080/26941112.2020.1869485

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Design and optimization of diamond mid-infrared phase shifter

Articles | Updated：2021-03-23

- Design and optimization of diamond mid-infrared phase shifter
- Functional Diamond Vol. 1, Issue 1, Pages: 117-124(2021)
- Affiliations：
  
  1. a College of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Zhejiang University of Technology
  2. b Department of Applied Physics Zhejiang University of Technology
- Author bio：
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1080/26941112.2020.1869485
  CLC：
- Online First：23 March 2021，
  
  Published：2021
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Chengke Chen, Zhi He, Ancha Xu, et al. Design and optimization of diamond mid-infrared phase shifter[J]. Functional Diamond2021, 1(1): 117-124.
DOI：

Chengke Chen, Zhi He, Ancha Xu, et al. Design and optimization of diamond mid-infrared phase shifter[J]. Functional Diamond2021, 1(1): 117-124. DOI： 10.1080/26941112.2020.1869485.

摘要

Abstract

Herein

the mid-infrared (7.7–13.7 μm) diamond-based phase shifter was designed and optimized by finite-element analysis. The ridge-shaped diamond waveguide is designed and doped to form the internal p–n structure

and the internal carrier distribution is changed by applying forward and reverse voltages to change the effective refractive index to achieve the effect of π-phase shift. The results show that when p-doping concentration is 4 × 10

−3

and n doping concentration is 1 × 10

−3

upon the reverse voltage (8 V) is applied

the change of the real part of effective refractive index (ΔR) is 1.6 × 10

−5

and the length of the phase shifter (L) required to realize the π-phase shift is 241 mm; upon the forward voltage (–8 V) is applied

ΔR increases to 3.2 × 10

−4

and the length of the phase shifter required is shortened to 12.03 mm. Such a short length is relatively easy in industrial production. In order to make the refractive index distribution more uniform

the carrier concentration has been optimized as 1 × 10

−3

for p-type and 4 × 10

−3

for n-type

respectively.

关键词

Keywords

references

Mahrous H, Azmy M, Afifi A, et al. Design of compact, high-speed and low-loss silicon-on-silica electro-optic modulators. Semicond Sci Technol. 2020; 35(9): 095017. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhai WS, Xin YX, Xie MT, et al. Phase noise suppression for RF signal remote fiber transmission using phase balance compensation feedback network in phase shifter. Optik 2019; 177: 131–135. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Bondarenko TV, Shchedrin IS. Phase tuning system for travelling wave resonator. Probl At Sci Tech. 2013; 88(6): 82–85. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Deng H, Bogaerts W. Pure phase modulation based on a silicon plasma dispersion modulator. Opt Express. 2019; 27(19): 27191–27201. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gao RQ, Song Q, Liu H, et al. Design of near-infrared reconfigurable metalens on Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) platform with Fabry-Perrot phase shifter. Opt Commun. 2019; 446: 56–63. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Png CE, Sun MJ, Lim ST, et al. Numerical modeling and analysis for high-efficiency carrier-depletion silicon rib-waveguide phase shifters. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron. 2016; 22: 8. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Tang J, et al. 2016 25th Wireless and Optical Communication Conference. New York: IEEE; 2016. Google Scholar

Ito F, Matsuura M, Tanifuji T. A carrier injection type optical switch in GaAs using free carrier plasma dispersion with wavelength range from 1.06 to 1.55 mu m. IEEE J Quantum Electron. 1989; 25(7): 1677–1681. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Rosa MF, Rathgeber L, Elster R, et al. Design of a carrier-depletion Mach-Zehnder modulator in 250 nm silicon-on-insulator technology. Adv Radio Sci. 2017; 15: 269–281. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ling L, et al. Phase modulation efficiency and transmission loss of silicon optical phase shifters. IEEE J Quantum Electron. 2005; 41: 250–257. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ikeda T, Takahashi K, Kanamori Y, et al. Phase-shifter using submicron silicon waveguide couplers with ultra-small electro-mechanical actuator. Opt Express. 2010; 18(7): 7031–7037. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Pfeifle J, Alloatti L, Freude W, et al. Silicon-organic hybrid phase shifter based on a slot waveguide with a liquid-crystal cladding. Opt Express. 2012; 20(14): 15359–15376. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Sun LF, Tang JY. A new texturing technique of monocrystalline silicon surface with sodium hypochlorite. Appl Surf Sci. 2009; 255(22): 9301–9304. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Lai C, Guo X, Wang M, et al. Effect of polyethylene glycol on corrosion of fresh macroporous silicon in 1.0 M NaOH and application in determination of porosity and thickness by gravimetric measurement. Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. 2020; 195(8): 651–659. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Arcifa A, Rossi A, Espinosa-Marzal RM, et al. Influence of environmental humidity on the wear and friction of a silica/silicon tribopair lubricated with a hydrophilic ionic liquid. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016; 8(5): 2961–2973. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ootani Y, Xu JX, Hatano T, et al. Contrasting roles of water at sliding interfaces between silicon-based materials: first-principles molecular dynamics sliding simulations. J Phys Chem C. 2018; 122(19): 10459–10467. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

He L, Li Z. Enhancement of a fire detection algorithm by eliminating solar reflection in the mid-IR band: application to AVHRR data. Int J Remote Sens. 2012; 33(22): 7047–7059. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gao W, et al. Paper presented at: The Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability III; 2006 Aug 14; San Diego, CA, USA. Google Scholar

Massimetti F, Coppola D, Laiolo M, et al. Volcanic hot-spot detection using SENTINEL-2: a comparison with MODIS–MIROVA thermal data series. Remote Sens. 2020; 12(5): 820. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Worden A, Dehn J, Webley P. Frequency based satellite monitoring of small scale explosive activity at remote north Pacific volcanoes. J Volcanol Geotherm Res. 2014; 286: 1–14. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zhang B, et al. Battlespace digitization and network-centric warfare II. In: Suresh R, Roper WE, editors. Proceedings of SPIE. Bellingham: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering; 2002; vol. 4741; p. 345–350. Google Scholar

Haas J, Catalán EV, Piron P, et al. Polycrystalline diamond thin-film waveguides for mid-infrared evanescent field sensors. ACS Omega. 2018; 3(6): 6190–6198. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Malmström M, Karlsson M, Forsberg P, et al. Waveguides in polycrystalline diamond for mid-IR sensing. Opt Mater Express. 2016; 6(4): 1286. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wang X, Karlsson M, Forsberg P, et al. Diamonds are a spectroscopist’s best friend: thin-film diamond mid-infrared waveguides for advanced chemical sensors/biosensors. Anal Chem. 2014; 86(16): 8136–8141. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Chen C, Xu A, Li X, et al. Design and performance of diamond-based mid-infrared sensor. Phys Status Solidi A. 2020; 217(18): 2000076. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Baehr-Jones T, Hochberg M, Wang G, et al. Optical modulation and detection in slotted silicon waveguides. Opt Express. 2005; 13(14): 5216–5226. PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Soref R, Larenzo J. All-silicon active and passive guided-wave components for λ = 1.3 and 1.6 µm. IEEE J Quantum Electron. 1986; 22(6): 873–879. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Petousi D, Zimmermann L, Voigt K, et al. Performance limits of depletion-type silicon Mach–Zehnder modulators for telecom applications. J Lightwave Technol. 2013; 31(22): 3556–3562. Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Views

Downloads

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

All-solid continuous-wave Nd: YVO4-diamond intracavity Raman laser

Enhanced etching of GaN with N2 gas addition during CVD diamond growth

Shear-promoted graphite-to-diamond phase transition at the grain boundary of nanocrystalline graphite

Research on the epitaxial direction control and mechanism of polycrystalline diamond grains

Research Progress on Silicon Vacancy Color Centers in Diamond

Related Author

Yunpeng Cai

Yaxuan Duan

Hui Chen

Bingzheng Yan

Yaoyao Qi

Zhenxu Bai

Yulei Wang

Zhiwei Lu

Related Institution

a Center for Advanced Laser Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China

b Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment

b Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment Tianjin China

c MQ Photonics Research Centre Department of Physics and Astronomy Macquarie University Sydney

a Institute for Materials Research (IMO) Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium

⁰